Faecal shedding of Canine parvovirus in clinically healthy vaccinated pups

Parvoviral shedding in post-vaccination pups

Authors

  • Jayalakshmi Vasu Veterinary Microbiology, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Veterinary Education and Research https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8704-2753
  • Mouttou Vivek Srinivas Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Veterinary Education and Research, Puducherry, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3931-3069
  • Prabhakar Xavier Antony Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Veterinary Education & Research, Puducherry - 605 009, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5325-0447
  • Jacob Thanislass Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Veterinary Education & Research, Puducherry - 605 009, India
  • Vijayalakshmi Padmanaban Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Veterinary Education & Research, Puducherry - 605 009, India
  • R. Barathidasan Toxicological pathology, Biosafety and biosecurity, ICMR-NARFBR, Hyderabad, India https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0180-4820
  • Hirak Kumar Mukhopadhyay Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Veterinary Education and Research, Puducherry, India https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0147-0658

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70964/avr.6

Keywords:

Canine Parvovirus (CPV), Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), Sequencing, Phylogenetic analysis, Real-time PCR, Faecal shedding

Abstract

Canine parvovirus (CPV-2) is an important dog pathogen that causes severe hemorrhagic enteritis. The incidence of vaccinated, clinically healthy puppies shedding either the field strain or the vaccine strain of CPV is not fully understood. Moreover, little is known about the duration and extent of CPV vaccine virus shedding in puppies. To explore this phenomenon further, the current study aimed to understand the dynamics of faecal shedding of CPV in clinically healthy, vaccinated puppies. In this study, 351 faecal swabs were collected from twenty-seven clinically healthy pups at intervals over six months post-vaccination. These samples were then analyzed using hemagglutination (HA), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and real-time PCR assays to detect canine parvovirus shedding. Two of the 351 samples screened demonstrated an HA titer 1: 2 on the 3rd and 7th day following the primary vaccination. In contrast, the PCR assay identified fifteen positive samples on various days post-vaccination. Among 60 randomly analyzed fecal swabs, 55 tested positive using real-time PCR. Sequence analysis of both conventional PCR and real-time PCR products provided clear evidence of subclinical shedding of both the vaccine strain and the field strain of CPV among the vaccinated puppies. The study concludes that vaccinated puppies shedding the vaccine strain (CPV-2) in their faeces may help to provide herd immunity. Additionally, healthy vaccinated puppies that shed the field virus strain suggest local intestinal multiplication of the virus, which could be a source of CPV infection for unvaccinated puppies.

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Published

2024-12-12

How to Cite

Jayalakshmi Vasu, Mouttou Vivek Srinivas, Prabhakar Xavier Antony, Jacob Thanislass, Vijayalakshmi Padmanaban, R. Barathidasan, & Hirak Kumar Mukhopadhyay. (2024). Faecal shedding of Canine parvovirus in clinically healthy vaccinated pups: Parvoviral shedding in post-vaccination pups. Archives of Veterinary Research, 1(1), 10–15. https://doi.org/10.70964/avr.6

Issue

Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024): Archives of Veterinary Research

Section

Original research

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